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When publishing a project, it's common to share a pre-filled webshop cart along with the schematics or even sell it as a pre-compiled kit[^KIT]. To me, this goes against the ethos of DIY: making do with what you have, with a focus on doing, and not the "thing" [@hertzArtDIYElectronics2023]. Instead, a whole new market is created consisting of Lego-like kits. These kits gloss over the actual challenges and difficulties of creating sound devices, preventing the development of much-needed problem-solving skills, and not actually discovering anything new [@CooperativeExperimentalismSharing]. -[^KIT]:  +[^KIT]:  <ins>Echt foto's maken...</ins> -{.img--fullpage} +{.img--fullpage} -Instead, what you will learn to build using this guide, is a starting point. Small electronic circuits that make sound on their own, but can also duplicated, manipulated, and modulated them into something entirely different. +Instead, what you will learn to build using this guide, is a starting point. Small electronic circuits that make sound on their own, but can also duplicated, manipulated, and modulated them into something entirely different. To do so, it’s split up into five chapters, each focusing on a different stage of salvaging for sound devices. @@ -76,3 +76,6 @@ Methods for prototyping, modifying, and recontextualizing salvaged parts—build On that note, I am by no means an expert in electronics. When I write about how things work, please take it with a grain of salt. This guide represents my personal understanding, which, no doubt, contains incorrect assumptions or oversimplifications. When in doubt, ask a friend! Happy scavenging! + + +Thius field guide came together during and with the help of (un)repair nights at the klank.school. diff --git a/src/content/chapters/1-dismantling.md b/src/content/chapters/1-dismantling.md index 1f9ec25..e18d955 100644 --- a/src/content/chapters/1-dismantling.md +++ b/src/content/chapters/1-dismantling.md @@ -42,20 +42,22 @@ Once you've found a piece of hardware, it's time to start dismantling the device ## Opening the device In some cases, product manufacturers provide service manuals[^repair-manual]. But in most cases, we’re left to figure it out ourselves. Fortunately, online communities like IFixIt create their own teardown guides, that can sometimes give us a head start. -[^repair-manual]: These manuals contain valuable information that can help you to understand the device and to take it apart. [](https://elektrotanya.com/panasonic_rs-768us.pdf/download.html#dl) +[^repair-manual]: These manuals contain valuable information that can help you to understand the device and to take it apart. [](https://elektrotanya.com/panasonic_rs-768us.pdf/download.html#dl) -Let’s take a look at the device. Can you spot any screws? They might be hidden behind warranty stickers[^warranty] or tucked away behind obscure corners. I find it helpful to follow the seams of the casing. Especially with plastic enclosures, it’s not just screws—look for small tabs or glue holding things together. +Let’s take a look at the device. Can you spot any screws? They might be hidden behind warranty stickers[^warranty] or tucked away behind obscure corners. I find it helpful to follow the seams of the casing. Especially with plastic enclosures, it’s not just screws—look for small tabs or glue holding things together. [^warranty]: Warranty stickers are not legally binding, as warranties are dictated by consumer laws [@aragonWarrantyVoidStickers2023]. -If you manage to create a small slit gap in a seam, insert a thin plastic pic and carefully push it along the seam. There might be small tabs holding the casing together. If the manufacturer really didn’t want you to get in there, they’ve glued it all up, and it is impossible to get in the device without causing permanent damage[^permanent]. + -[^permanent]: A hot air gun could help to dissolve the glue, or you could cut out the plastic using a knife or drill. +If you manage to create a small slit gap in a seam, insert a thin plastic pic and carefully push it along the seam. There might be small tabs holding the casing together. If the manufacturer really didn’t want you to get in there, they’ve glued it all up, and it is impossible to get in the device without causing permanent damage[^permanent]. -Disassembly is really about patience and finding those small gaps in the enclosures, pulling and pushing until you've dismantled the entire device. Did you manage? Amazing! you’re now staring at the messy, material reality of your device[^inside]. +[^permanent]: A hot air gun could help to dissolve the glue, or you could cut out the plastic using a knife or drill. + +Disassembly is really about patience and finding those small gaps in the enclosures, pulling and pushing until you've dismantled the entire device. Did you manage? Amazing! you’re now staring at the messy, material reality of your device[^inside]. ## Uncovering black boxes -Trough design choices like hiding screws, heat stakes[^heat-stakes], strong adhesive, and using 55 different kinds of screws, it becomes clear: the manufacturer really does not want you in there. They are black boxes by design, destened to become obsolete, as servicable are not available, and components are not interchangable. +Trough design choices like hiding screws, heat stakes[^heat-stakes], strong adhesive, and using 55 different kinds of screws, it becomes clear: the manufacturer really does not want you in there. They are black boxes by design, destened to become obsolete, as servicable are not available, and components are not interchangable. These methods of black boxing are an attempt to keep us unconsciously incompetent, and increases the distance between the consumer and the materiality of the device. The modern laptop is silent, not giving any indication on whatever is happening on the inside, or even where the materials come from. It is only when something breaks, that their materiality becomes a reality again [@hertzZombieMediaCircuit2012] [@emersonSixDifficultInconvenient2021]. @@ -69,11 +71,16 @@ By opening the devices, however, we can rediscover materiality. In this, it beco ::: {.image-list} - - - +   + + + + + +### Open Lab +These investigations were done during the open lab in the unrepair cafe. ::: diff --git a/src/assets/chapters/bastl_kit.webp b/src/content/chapters/bastl_kit.webp similarity index 100% rename from src/assets/chapters/bastl_kit.webp rename to src/content/chapters/bastl_kit.webp diff --git a/src/content/chapters/obscure_labels.webp b/src/content/chapters/obscure_labels.webp index 89dd8a6..057717a 100644 Binary files a/src/content/chapters/obscure_labels.webp and b/src/content/chapters/obscure_labels.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/chapters/singletransistorOSC.webp b/src/content/chapters/singletransistorOSC.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1a61578 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/chapters/singletransistorOSC.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/chapters/smallscrews.webp b/src/content/chapters/smallscrews.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..59d761b Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/chapters/smallscrews.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/chapters/transistorOSC_white.webp b/src/content/chapters/transistorOSC_white.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9971f2d Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/chapters/transistorOSC_white.webp differ diff --git a/src/assets/chapters/2/trouble-shoot.png b/src/content/chapters/trouble-shoot.png similarity index 100% rename from src/assets/chapters/2/trouble-shoot.png rename to src/content/chapters/trouble-shoot.png diff --git a/src/content/components/0_resistor.md b/src/content/components/0_resistor.md index b158f0b..65ad569 100644 --- a/src/content/components/0_resistor.md +++ b/src/content/components/0_resistor.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ title: Resistors parent: Components type: Resistor images: - - src: ./assets/components/Resistors.JPG + - src: ./components/Resistors.webp alt: 'These resistors were salvaged from a Reel to Reel recorder' usage: "A resistor limits the current going trough. This amount of *resistance* is expressed in Ohm (Ω)" whereToFind: Everywhere! diff --git a/src/content/components/1_capacitor.md b/src/content/components/1_capacitor.md index 0bb83d3..aea8279 100644 --- a/src/content/components/1_capacitor.md +++ b/src/content/components/1_capacitor.md @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ description: This is the description usage: Capacitors stores an electrical charge, expressed in microFarads (μF), nanoFarads (nF) of picoFarads (pF). whereToFind: Everywhere! images: - - src: ./assets/components/Capacitors.JPG + - src: ./components/Capacitors.webp alt: 'The various sizes of Capacitors' schematicSymbol: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Types_of_capacitor.svg/460px-Types_of_capacitor.svg.png alsoKnownAs: "Caps, condenser" diff --git a/src/content/components/ASN_with_ blob_crop.webp b/src/content/components/ASN_with_ blob_crop.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6211dde Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/ASN_with_ blob_crop.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/ASN_with_blob.webp b/src/content/components/ASN_with_blob.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9d9ae02 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/ASN_with_blob.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/Capacitors.webp b/src/content/components/Capacitors.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e2011f7 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/Capacitors.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/IMG_2879.webp b/src/content/components/IMG_2879.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0eaf35a Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/IMG_2879.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/IMG_2887.webp b/src/content/components/IMG_2887.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..202b57b Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/IMG_2887.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/PCB_1.webp b/src/content/components/PCB_1.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b71d53c Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/PCB_1.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/PCB_2.webp b/src/content/components/PCB_2.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eabf651 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/PCB_2.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/Resistors.webp b/src/content/components/Resistors.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a80733 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/Resistors.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/TransistorsED.webp b/src/content/components/TransistorsED.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..81f6e8f Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/TransistorsED.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/chapters/chip.webp b/src/content/components/chip copy.webp similarity index 100% rename from src/content/chapters/chip.webp rename to src/content/components/chip copy.webp diff --git a/src/content/components/chip.webp b/src/content/components/chip.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e5b4e57 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/chip.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/chips.md b/src/content/components/chips.md index 0b70f7d..2512d40 100644 --- a/src/content/components/chips.md +++ b/src/content/components/chips.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ title: Chips type: Chip description: This is the description images: - - src: ./assets/components/chip.JPG + - src: ./components/chip.webp alt: 'A chip sooooo small the picture has to be blurry' usage: Being a black boxed monolith whereToFind: Everywhere! diff --git a/src/content/components/inputs.md b/src/content/components/inputs.md index 33448b9..398095a 100644 --- a/src/content/components/inputs.md +++ b/src/content/components/inputs.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ title: Inputs type: Inputs description: This is the description images: - - src: ./assets/components/Resistors.JPG + - src: ./components/Resistors.JPG alt: 'This would be a great alt text' --- diff --git a/src/content/components/outputs.md b/src/content/components/outputs.md index f83e6d4..a9b9f14 100644 --- a/src/content/components/outputs.md +++ b/src/content/components/outputs.md @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ title: Outputs type: Outputs description: This is the description images: - - src: ./assets/components/Resistors.JPG + - src: ./components/Resistors.JPG alt: 'This would be a great alt text' --- diff --git a/src/content/components/pcb.md b/src/content/components/pcb.md index cdcf172..313fafc 100644 --- a/src/content/components/pcb.md +++ b/src/content/components/pcb.md @@ -3,8 +3,15 @@ title: PCB (Printed Circuit Board) type: PCB description: This is the description images: - - src: /assets/components/PCB_1.JPG + - src: /components/PCB_1.webp alt: 'Need to include more different PCBs' + - src: /components/PCB_2.webp + alt: 'Need to include more different PCBs' + - src: /components/pcb_3.webp + alt: 'Need to include more different PCBs' + - src: /components/ASN_with_blob.webp + alt: 'Need to include more different PCBs' + usage: The circuit exists on the PCB whereToFind: Everywhere! alsoKnownAs: "Protoboard, breadboard, circuit" @@ -20,4 +27,4 @@ Printed Circuit Boards, or PCB's, are the plates on which the circuit is placed. ## The blob -Have you spotted “The Blob” yet? This is every circuit benders worst nightmare. The blob is meant to protect certain bare parts of a PCB, but is also known as a type of reverse engineering protection. \ No newline at end of file +Have you spotted “The Blob” yet? This is every circuit benders worst nightmare. The blob is meant to protect certain bare parts of a PCB, but is also known as a type of reverse engineering protection. diff --git a/src/content/components/pcb_3.webp b/src/content/components/pcb_3.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eb57a40 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/pcb_3.webp differ diff --git a/src/assets/components/salvaged-resistors.webp b/src/content/components/salvaged-resistors.webp similarity index 100% rename from src/assets/components/salvaged-resistors.webp rename to src/content/components/salvaged-resistors.webp diff --git a/src/content/components/theblob.webp b/src/content/components/theblob.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1145535 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/components/theblob.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/components/transistor.md b/src/content/components/transistor.md index 30dedb2..af8ca33 100644 --- a/src/content/components/transistor.md +++ b/src/content/components/transistor.md @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ title: Transistors type: transistor description: This is the description images: - - src: ./assets/components/TransistorsED.JPG + - src: ./components/TransistorsED.webp alt: ‘note to self, not sure all of these are transistors’ usage: "A transistor is a switch that is controlled trough voltage" whereToFind: Everywhere! @@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ The transistor is a switch that can be operated by applying a small voltage to o Transistors come in many shapes and sizes. Some are meant to dissipate heat, and are connected to a heatsink, they are ususally near a power source. -Remy & Huang stipt Moore's law en Jevons paradox aan als voorbeelden waarom het een enorme uitdaging is om obscolescence tegen te gaan (Remy & Huang, 2015). **Moore's Law** is de voorspelling dat het aantal transistors in een IC elk jaar verdubbeld. Dit insinueert en speelt in op het idee dat je elke twee jaar je IC's moet upgraden, omdat je anders achterloopt, en creeert de illusie dat innovatie en ontwikkeling oneindig is. (“Moore’s Law,” wikipedia 2025) **Jevons paradox** is het effect dat opspeelt wanneer door technologische ontwikkeling een resource efficienter wordt (minder gebruikt) de vraag juist vergroot. Denkende aan de computer die eerst een kamer vulde, en nu zijn er datacenters van honderden vierkante kilometers. +<ins>Remy & Huang stipt Moore's law en Jevons paradox aan als voorbeelden waarom het een enorme uitdaging is om obscolescence tegen te gaan (Remy & Huang, 2015). **Moore's Law** is de voorspelling dat het aantal transistors in een IC elk jaar verdubbeld. Dit insinueert en speelt in op het idee dat je elke twee jaar je IC's moet upgraden, omdat je anders achterloopt, en creeert de illusie dat innovatie en ontwikkeling oneindig is. (“Moore’s Law,” wikipedia 2025) **Jevons paradox** is het effect dat opspeelt wanneer door technologische ontwikkeling een resource efficienter wordt (minder gebruikt) de vraag juist vergroot. Denkende aan de computer die eerst een kamer vulde, en nu zijn er datacenters van honderden vierkante kilometers.</ins> -EN ook moores law hier: +<ins>EN ook moores law hier: Structured obsolescence is an economic strategy whereby a consumer technology is manufactured with the assumption that it has a limited life span and will need replacement with a newer and upgraded model within a given number of years. This logic benefits manufacturers and attempts to build a company’s financial future based on consumer band loyalty. The concept of structured obsolescence is hardwired into consumer technologies ranging from the refrigerator to the radio, from the computer to the car, and has been operational in the consumer products industry since the late nineteenth century. One of its effects has been to generate an excess of functional machines that are never exploited to their full potential. They are only partially used and then discarded when a new version, model, or upgrade becomes available on the market. Contemporary junkyards, thrift shops, and garages have become shrines to structured obsolescence. In these secondhand commerce zones lies an unwieldy accumulation of machines with low use-value precisely because they have already been used.6 uit [@parksFallingApartElectronics2007] - +</ins> [^touch]: When circuit bending, transistors are great to touch, as the heat of your finger could alter the sound. <ins>About Moore's law and transistors - and what kind of an expectation that creats</ins> -<ins>Also ; transistors and synthesizers are a good combo</ins> \ No newline at end of file +<ins>Also ; transistors and synthesizers are a good combo</ins> diff --git a/src/content/recipes/power-supply/PaperCircuit.webp b/src/content/recipes/power-supply/PaperCircuit.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ff5495c Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/recipes/power-supply/PaperCircuit.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/recipes/power-supply/filtering.webp b/src/content/recipes/power-supply/filtering.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b9993f2 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/recipes/power-supply/filtering.webp differ diff --git a/src/content/recipes/power-supply/photo.jpeg b/src/content/recipes/power-supply/photo.jpeg index e9fce90..9aa079d 100644 Binary files a/src/content/recipes/power-supply/photo.jpeg and b/src/content/recipes/power-supply/photo.jpeg differ diff --git a/src/content/recipes/power-supply/photo.webp b/src/content/recipes/power-supply/photo.webp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a28f984 Binary files /dev/null and b/src/content/recipes/power-supply/photo.webp differ